Federal Defenders of New York Second Circuit Blog
Circuit Upholds Kidnapping Conviction: Evidence Was Sufficient to Prove That Defendant “Held” Victim Against His Will
United States v. Corbett, No. 11-3678-cr (2d Cir. Apr. 29, 2014) (Katzmann, Winter, and Calabresi), available here
Appointment of Substitute Counsel To Deliver Defense Summation Did Not Require New Trial
United States v. Griffiths, No. 13-2102-cr (2d Cir. Apr. 25, 2014) (Cabranes, Lynch, and Lohier) (per curiam), available here
New York Conviction for Sexual Abuse in the Second Degree Qualified as Conviction “Relating to … Sexual Abuse” of a Minor
United States v. Allen, No. 13-0296-cr (2d Cir. Apr. 16, 2014) (Pooler, Parker, and Wesley), available here
Defendant’s Hearing Impairment Did Not Require New Trial
United States v. Crandall, No. 12-3313-cr (2d Cir. Apr. 10, 2014) (Walker, Cabranes, and Parker), available here
“Innocent Possession” and “Entrapment By Estoppel” Did Not Apply To Defendant Allegedly Returning Gun Under State or Local Amnesty Program
United States v. Miles, No. 13-1158-cr (2d Cir. Apr. 10, 2014) (Wesley, Carney, and Rakoff) (per curiam), available here
The Fact of a Prior Felony Conviction Does Not Go to the Jury Even if It Increases a Defendant’s Statutory Mandatory Minimum
UNITED STATES V. ROSARIO, NO. 12-3963 (2D CIR. APR. 2, 2014) (WESLEY, CARNEY, AND RAKOFF) (SUMMARY ORDER), AVAILABLE HERE
The defendant in this case appealed his jury conviction for conspiracy to distribute and possession with the intent to distribute heroin. He argued that the evidence was insufficient to support the conspiracy conviction and that other errors denied him a fair trial, including whether the jury should have considered the fact of a prior felony information. Because the sufficiency claim related to the credibility of cooperating witnesses, the Court deferred to the jury’s credibility determinations and held that the jury had “ample evidence” to find the defendant guilty.
With regard to the prior felony information question, the Court cited the continuing validity of the Supreme Court’s decision in Almendarez-Torres and held that “the fact of a prior felony conviction may be decided by a judge, not a jury, even if that fact …
Summary Summary
Here’s a quick summary of noteworthy summary orders recently issued by the Circuit:
United States v. Davis, No. 12-4836-cr (2d Cir. Apr. 2, 2014) (Katzmann, Livingston, and Carter) (summary order), available here
United States v. Marks, No. 12-3788-cr (2d Cir. Mar. 31, 2014) (Parker, Hall, and Livingston) (summary order), available here
This summary order upholds the district court’s decision to …
Evidence Was Sufficient To Prove That Defendant Was Physically Deported
United States v. Harvey, No. 12-1490-cr (2d Cir. Mar. 26, 2014), available here
Harvey was convicted after a jury trial of one count of illegal re-entry into the United States after he was deported. He argued on appeal that the evidence was insufficient to prove his physical departure from the United States. The Circuit affirmed.
To prove Harvey left the country, the government relied on a 1992 warrant of deportation prepared by an immigration official, which indicated that the official witnessed Harvey depart on a flight from JFK airport to Kingston, Jamaica. That official was unavailable to testify at Harvey’s 2011 illegal re-entry trial, and the government did not present any other direct evidence that Harvey left the United States in 1992.
Nevertheless, the Circuit held that the evidence permitted a rational juror to conclude that Harvey had in fact left the United States on the date specified in the warrant. The Court ruled …
Forfeiture Is Limited to That Authorized by the Statute Listed in the Charged Count
United States v. Annabi, Nos. 12-4988-cr(L), 12-4990-cr(Con) (2d Cir. Mar. 25, 2014), available here
This published decision holds that where the government fails to invoke an applicable forfeiture provision in the indictment, and fails to correct that error prior to entry of a final judgment, forfeiture must be limited to that authorized by the statute cited as the basis for forfeiture, and of which the defendant had notice.
The facts: A jury convicted Annabi of, among other counts, three counts of mortgage fraud (Counts Seven, Eight, and Nine). The government sought, and the district court ordered, forfeiture of the gross proceeds of the fraudulently obtained loans described in these three counts.
The Indictment sought, on all three counts, forfeiture to the United States, citing the civil forfeiture provision (18 U.S.C. 981(a)(1)(C)), and 28 U.S.C. 2461(c). On Counts Eight and Nine only, the Indictment also sought forfeiture under the criminal forfeiture provision (18 U.S.C. …
Circuit Affirms Former Goldman Sachs Director’s Insider Trading Convictions
United States v. Gupta, No. 12-4448-cr (2d Cir. Mar. 25, 2014) (Newman, Kearse, and Pooler), available here
Rajat K. Gupta, a former director of The Goldman Sachs Group, was convicted, after a jury trial, of three counts of securities fraud and one count of conspiracy to commit securities fraud, based on insider trading. He was sentenced to 24 months of imprisonment, one year of supervised release, and a fine of $5 million. This published decision affirms the judgment.
Gupta argued on appeal that the trial court (Judge Rakoff) erred (1) by admitting statements of a coconspirator (Raj Rajaratnam), recorded in wiretapped telephone conversations to which Gupta was not a party, and (2) by excluding relevant evidence offered by Gupta.
The Circuit rejected these arguments. It held, first, that Rules 801 and 804 of the Federal Rules of Evidence allowed the admission of Rajaratnam’s recorded statements, both as non-hearsay statements in furtherance of the charged “Rajaratnam-Gupta conspiracy” and under …